Florida State Laws

Landlords and tenants will face legal issues during the rental process, but not every issue needs to involve the courts. This article will help you learn how the laws in your state handle everything from security deposits to termination notices, so you can navigate these with ease.

This article is not intended to be exhaustive or a substitute for qualified legal advice. Laws and statutes are subject to change and may vary by county or city. You are responsible to perform your research and comply with all laws applicable to your unique situation.

If you have legal questions or concerns, we recommend consulting with the appropriate government agencies and a qualified lawyer in your area. Your state bar association may have a referral service to help you find a lawyer with experience in landlord-tenant law.

Official FL Rules and Regulations

Details

Security Deposit:

Security Deposit Maximum: No Statute (49)
Security Deposit Interest: Not required, but allowed. If interest is being collected, it must be in a Florida banking institution, and the tenant receives 75% of the annualized average interest rate, or 5% simple interest each year, dependent upon what the landlord chooses (49 (1a-b)). No interest is due to a tenant who wrongfully terminates his or her tenancy prior to the end of the rental term (83.49 (9)).
Separate Security Deposit Bank Account: Landlords are not allowed to commingle funds (49 (1a-b)). Landlords are also allowed to post a surety bond (83.49 (1c)).
Pet Deposits and Additional Non-refundable Fees: No Statute, but a landlord can charge a tenant a pet deposit after reaching an oral or written agreement with the tenant.
Deadline for Returning Security Deposit: 15 days if full refund, 30 days if withholding any amount (49 (3a)).
Require Written Description / Itemized List of Damages and Charges: Yes, and the landlord must send notice using the exact language found in Florida Statute 49 (3a).
Receipt of Security Deposit: Required to be given to the tenant within 30 days. Landlord must identify how the money is being held, and what the interest rate is, if any. Florida has specific rules about the receipt notification, read Statute 49(2-3) carefully.

Lease, Rent & Fees:

Rent Increase Notice: No Statute (46)
When Rent is Due: At the beginning of each period and without demand or notice, unless a different agreement is reached. Rent is uniformly apportionable from day to day (46(1)).
Application Fees: No Statute.
Late Fees: A landlord may charge a “reasonable” late fee of $20 or 20% of the monthly rent, whichever is greater. A landlord may also charge tenants a fee for any expenses accrued resulting from collecting late rent or enforcing a lien. (808)
Returned Check Fees: If payment is returned by a financial institution, the landlord can impose a service charge of $25 if the face value does not exceed $50; $30 if the face value is between $50 and $300; $40 if the face value exceeds $300, or 5 percent of the face amount of the check, whichever is greater (065).
Prepaid Rent: No Statute (46)
Tenant Allowed to Withhold Rent for Failure to Provide Essential Services (Water, Heat, etc.): Yes, after the tenant provides written notice to the landlord that repairs are needed. The landlord has 20 days to make necessary repairs before the tenant can withhold rent. The tenant must pay the withheld rent once the repairs are made (201). Essential services are defined in Statute 83.51.
Tenant Allowed to Repair and Deduct Rent: No Statute
Landlord Allow to Recover Court and Attorney’s Fees: The right to attorney fees cannot be waived in the lease agreement (83.48, 83.55)
Landlord Must Make a Reasonable Attempt to Mitigate Damages to Lessee, including an Attempt to Rent: No, the Landlord has no obligation to rent during a breach of the lease by the tenant. For specific requirements, read Statute 595.

Notices and Entry:

Notice to Terminate a Lease – Yearly Lease: Not less than 60 days prior to the end of any annual period (57(1)).
Notice to Terminate a Lease – Quarter to Quarter: Not less than 30 days prior to the end of any quarterly period (57(2)).
Notice to Terminate a Lease – Month-to-Month: Not less than 15 days prior to the end of any monthly period (57(3)).
Notice to Terminate a Lease – Week-to-week: Not less than 7 days prior to the end of any weekly period (57(4)).
Notice of date/time of Move-Out Inspection: No Statute
Termination of Lease for Nonpayment: 3 days Notice, excluding Saturday, Sunday, and legal holidays. Specific language must be included in the notice, which is found in Statute 56(3).
Notice of Eviction for Lease Violation: The tenant has 7 days to remedy the issue or the landlord can file for eviction and terminate the lease (56(2)).
Required Notice before Entry: 12 hours, unless otherwise agreed upon (53(2)).
Entry Allowed with Notice for Maintenance and Repairs (non-emergency): 12 hours (53(2))
Emergency Entry Allowed without Notice: Yes (53(2b))
Entry Allowed During Tenant’s Extended Absence: Yes (53(2d))
Notice to Tenants for Pesticide Use: No Statute
Lockouts Allowed: No (67(2))
Utility Shut-offs Allowed: No (67(1))
Penalty for a Self-Help Eviction: A landlord who performs a self-help eviction shall be liable to the tenant for actual and consequential damages or 3 months’ rent, whichever is greater, and costs, including attorney’s fees. Subsequent or repeated violations that are not contemporaneous with the initial violation shall be subject to separate awards of damages. (67(6))
Proper Notice for Abandoned Property: Yes, first-class mail, pre-paid postage (104), using the specific language found in Statutes 715.105, or 715.106. Review Statutes 715.104 – 705.111 for specific instructions and requirements for abandoned property.

Disclosures and Miscellaneous Notes:

Landlords are not allowed to evict tenants without going through the legal process (aka self-help evictions). Penalty is actual damages to tenant or 3 months rent – whichever is greater (67(6)).
The landlord shall, at or before the commencement of the tenancy, provide the name and address of the landlord or a person authorized to receive notices and demands on the landlord’s behalf (50(2)).
Notification shall be provided on at least one document, form, or application executed at the time of, or before, the contract for the sale and purchase of any building or execution of a rental agreement for any building. Such notification shall contain the following language: “RADON GAS: Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas that, when it has accumulated in a building in sufficient quantities, may present health risks to persons who are exposed to it over time. Levels of radon that exceed federal and state guidelines have been found in buildings in Florida. Additional information regarding radon and radon testing may be obtained from your county health department.” (056(5))
Landlord shall not prevent the tenant from displaying a United States Flag (67(4)).
The landlord is not responsible for personal property left on the premise after the death of the tenant if the following clause is included in the signed lease agreement: “By signing this rental agreement, the tenant agrees that upon surrender, abandonment, or recovery of possession of the dwelling unit due to the death of the last remaining tenant, as provided by Chapter 83, Florida Statutes, the landlord shall not be liable or responsible for storage or disposition of the tenant’s personal property.” (67(5))
The landlord is not allowed to include clauses in the lease that force either party to waive or forfeit rights, remedies, requirements, or liabilities set forth by law (47).
It is unlawful for a landlord to discriminatorily increase a tenant’s rent or decrease services to a tenant, or to bring or threaten to bring an action for possession or other civil action, primarily because the landlord is retaliating against the tenant (64).
Retaliation is considered if action is taken on a tenant who (1) has filed an official complaint to a Government Authority, (2) has organized, encouraged, or participated in a tenant’s organization, (3) has complained to the landlord under Statute 64, or (4) is a servicemember who has terminated a rental agreement under Statute 83.682.

Court Related:

Small Claims Court Limits: $5,000 or less, excluding costs, interest, and attorneys’ fees.
Eviction Cases Allowed: Yes
Small Claims Rules (PDF)
Statute of Limitations
- Written Contracts: 5 years (95.011)
- Oral Contracts: 4 years (95.011)

Business Licenses and Fees:

Business License Required: No statewide statute, but local cities and counties may have regulations and requirements. Check with your local governing authority.
Rentals in Miami need a Residential Real Estate Sign permit (single-family homes) or a Commercial Real Estate Sign permit (apartment units). It is a sticker that should be placed on the sign. The permit is $5.00 for a single-family home and $15.00 for an apartment unit, and it is valid for one (1) year from purchase.
Sales and Use Tax on Rental of Living or Sleeping Accommodations

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